First in Space

The first Earthling in space:

Laika, a dog, was launched into space on the Sputnik 2 in 1957. She survived the launch and for a time in space, but after a week, the air ran out and Laika died. The following year, as its orbit deteriorated, the craft exited space and re-entered the Earth's atmosphere and, without heat shields, burned up along with Laika's body.

The first human in space:

Yuri Gagarin, a cosmonaut from the USSR, launched into space on April 12, 1961 aboard the Vostok 1. His flight lasted one hour and forty-five minutes, orbiting the Earth one time. Describing the view of the Earth from space, Gagarin radioed, "It has a very beautiful sort of halo, a rainbow."

The first Indian in space:

Wing Commander Rakesh Sharma, AC, Hero of the Soviet Union, (born January 13, 1949) is a former Indian Air Force test pilot who flew aboard Soyuz T-11 as part of the Intercosmos program. Sharma was the first Indian to travel in space.

                                                               

The first American in space:

Alan Sheppard was launched into space aboard Mercury 3 on May 5, 1961 to become the first American in space. His craft did not achieve orbit, but rose to a height of 116 miles and traveled 303 miles before safely parachuting into the Atlantic Ocean.

The first American to orbit the Earth:

On February 20, 1962, the Friendship 7 capsule carried astronaut John Glenn around the Earth 3 times on a 5 hour space flight. He was the first American to orbit the earth.

The first woman in space:

Valentina Tereshkova flew in space aboard the Vostok 6 on June 16, 1963.

The first Indian woman in space :

Kalpana Chawla (July 1, 1961 – February 1, 2003) was born in Karnal, India. She was the first Indian American astronaut and first Indian woman in space.She first flew on Space Shuttle Columbia in 1997 as a mission specialist and primary robotic arm operator. In 2003, Chawla was one of seven crew members killed in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster.

The youngest American in space:

Besides being the first American woman in space, Sally Ride was also the youngest American when she rode the Challenger in 1983.

The first person to make a second trip into space:

Gemini 3, the first piloted Gemini flight, included Virgil "Gus" Grissom among its crew as it lifted off in March of 1965. He had previously flown in space in July, 1961 aboard the second suborbital Mercury mission.

The first African American in space:

August 30, 1983, the space shuttle Challenger lifted off with Guion "Guy" Bluford, Jr., the first African American in space.

The first African American woman in space:

Mae Jemison lifted off in the space shuttle Endeavour on September 12, 1992, first African American woman in space.

The first space walk:

Alexei Leonov, a Soviet cosmonaut, was the first person to step outside of his spacecraft while in Outer Space, on March 18, 1965. He spent 12 minutes as he floated as far as 17.5 feet from his Voskhod 2 craft, enjoying the first space walk ever.

The first American to walk in space:

During the Gemini 4 mission, Ed White made a 21 minute EVA (Extra-Vehicular Activity), also known as a space walk.

The first American woman to pilot a spacecraft:

Eileen Collins piloted the space shuttle Discovery in 1995.

The first man on the moon:

With his famous words, "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind." Neil Armstrong, on the Apollo 11 mission, stepped onto the Lunar surface on July 20, 1969, becoming the first man on the Moon.

                                                   Armstrong & Aldrin With Flag on Moon

Source :http://space.about.com/cs/basics/a/spacefirsts.htm